INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

Hi friendz today we shall have some knowledge about integrated circuits (abbreviated as IC).Before knowing the definition of ICs we shall know why an IC was developed?

 Now a days integrated circuits are more popular. In the early days some discrete components like capacitor, resistor, diodes, were used to be connected in a definite pattern(using wires) called electronic circuit. As the technology advanced the discrete components were integrated on a single chip this is called integrated circuit.

Integrated Circuit

Now coming to the definition : An IC is one in which a number of circuit elements like resistors, capacitors, transistors, diodes etc are fabricated on a small semi conductor chip to perform a complete function.

Classification of Ics:

1. Classification by Scale of integration:

·        SSI (Small scale integration) : ICs having 0 to 12 components on a single chip. Ex: Logic gates, Flip-flops.

·        MSI (Medium Scale Integration): Ics in this category contains 13 to 99 electronic components on a single chip. Ex: Adders, registers, encoders, multiplexers.

·        LSI (Large scale integration): Ics having 100 to 9999 components in a single chip comes under this category. Ex:Microcontroller, RAMs, ROMs

·        VLSI (Very Large scale Integration): Ics in this have 10000 to 99999 components in a single chip. Ex: Advanced microprocessor, Memory chips.

·        ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration): The components in the Ics of this type are more than 100000. Ex: Single chip Microprocessors, memory chips.

    

2. Classification by Structure:
• Monolithic
• Film Passive : Thick film and Thin film ics
• Hybrid Ics

3. Classification of Ics by function:

•           Analog Ics

Analog IC

• Digital Ics

Digital IC

Advantages of Integrated Circuits:

• Smaller weight.
• Low cost
• Highly reliable
• Low power consumption
• Easy replacement

Disadvantages of Integrated circuits:

·        Transformers, inductors can’t e fabricated.

• Large values of capacitance > 30pF can’t be built.
• The components in the IC can’t be repaired instead whole IC should be replaced.
• Not possible to modify circuit parameter

 Hope this was useful .. Keep visiting for exciting posts!!! 

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